The treaty that established the International Criminal Court is the Rome Statute. Which option is the Rome Statute?

• A. Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
• B. Rome Statute
• C. Geneva Conventions
• D. Genocide Convention

Answer: (B)

The Rome Statute is the treaty that established the International Criminal Court. It was adopted in 1998 and came into force in 2002, creating a permanent international court with jurisdiction over genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes, and later the crime of aggression. The other options refer to different areas of international law: the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty governs nuclear weapons spread, the Geneva Conventions deal with humanitarian protections in armed conflict, and the Genocide Convention defines genocide and obligations to prevent and punish it. None of these established the ICC, whereas the Rome Statute did.